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Aviation Terms & Abbreviations

Maintenance-focused A–Z glossary.

Educational reference only.

A

ACARS
Aircraft Communications Addressing and Reporting System
Aircraft-ground digital messaging system; maintenance teams may encounter fault/status messages and maintenance reports.
ACMS
Aircraft Condition Monitoring System
System used to collect and process aircraft/engine condition data for monitoring and maintenance support.
AD
Airworthiness Directive
Mandatory airworthiness action issued by an aviation authority when an unsafe condition requires corrective action.
AFM
Aircraft Flight Manual
Approved aircraft operating limitations and performance document; maintenance personnel may reference it for configuration/limitations context.
ALI
Airworthiness Limitations Item
Mandatory airworthiness-limitation maintenance item that requires controlled compliance.
AMM
Aircraft Maintenance Manual
Manufacturer maintenance instructions for aircraft-level inspection, servicing, removal/installation, adjustment and testing.
AMOC
Alternative Method of Compliance
Authority-approved alternative means of complying with an Airworthiness Directive requirement.
AMP
Aircraft Maintenance Programme
Approved/accepted maintenance programme defining scheduled maintenance tasks and intervals for an operator.
AOG
Aircraft on Ground
Operational status indicating an aircraft cannot return to service until required action is completed.
APU
Auxiliary Power Unit
Onboard unit providing auxiliary electrical/pneumatic power, commonly used on the ground and for engine start support.

B

BITE
Built-In Test Equipment
Integrated test/diagnostic capability used to detect or isolate faults.
BSCU
Braking and Steering Control Unit
Electronic control unit associated with braking and nose-wheel steering functions on applicable aircraft.

C

C/B
Circuit Breaker
Protective electrical device used to interrupt a circuit under specified conditions.
CDL
Configuration Deviation List
Approved conditions/limitations for operation with certain external configuration items missing or damaged.
CMM
Component Maintenance Manual
Maintenance, test, repair and overhaul instructions for a specific component.
CPCP
Corrosion Prevention and Control Program
Structured program for corrosion prevention, inspection and control.
CRS
Certificate of Release to Service
Maintenance release/certification confirming required work has been completed in accordance with applicable requirements.
CSN
Cycles Since New
Number of operating cycles accumulated since the item was new.
CSO
Cycles Since Overhaul
Number of operating cycles accumulated since the last overhaul.

D

DD
Deferred Defect
A defect whose rectification has been deferred under an approved process/dispatch basis.
DMC
Data Module Code
Structured identifier used in S1000D technical publications to identify a data module.

E

EASA
European Union Aviation Safety Agency
European Union aviation safety agency responsible for common aviation safety rules and certification functions.
ECAM
Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor
Airbus flight-deck monitoring and alerting system; maintenance may use associated messages for fault context.
EICAS
Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System
Boeing-style engine indication and crew-alerting system; maintenance may use messages for fault context.
EIS
Entry Into Service
Date or event when an aircraft/type enters operational service.
EO
Engineering Order
Organization-issued engineering instruction used to control a defined technical action or modification.
ESD
Electrostatic Discharge
Static-electricity discharge that can damage sensitive electronic components.
ETOPS
Extended Operations
Operational approval framework for applicable twin-engine operations; maintenance programs include specific reliability and configuration controls.
EWIS
Electrical Wiring Interconnection System
Aircraft wiring, connectors and associated electrical interconnection elements managed as a system.

F

FADEC
Full Authority Digital Engine Control
Digital engine-control system with full authority over applicable engine functions.
FC
Flight Cycles
Takeoff/landing operating cycles used in life and maintenance tracking.
FCU
Flight Control Unit / Fuel Control Unit
Context-dependent abbreviation; always confirm the aircraft/system documentation.
FH
Flight Hours
Aircraft or component operating time expressed as flight hours.
FIM
Fault Isolation Manual
Fault-isolation procedures that help identify causes of system faults, commonly used on certain aircraft programs.
FOD
Foreign Object Damage / Debris
Damage risk from objects/debris that can affect aircraft, engines, components or maintenance areas.

G

GSE
Ground Support Equipment
Ground equipment used to support aircraft servicing, maintenance and handling.

H

HMU
Hydromechanical Unit
Engine fuel/control unit combining hydraulic/mechanical functions on applicable engines.

I

ICA
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness
Approved/accepted instructions necessary to maintain continuing airworthiness of a product or article.
IFE
In-Flight Entertainment
Passenger entertainment system; cabin maintenance commonly deals with IFE components and connectivity.
IFSD
In-Flight Shutdown
Engine shutdown occurring in flight; an important reliability/maintenance metric in applicable programs.
IPC
Illustrated Parts Catalog
Illustrated parts reference used to identify assemblies, part numbers, effectivity and installation relationships.

L

LLP
Life-Limited Part
Part with a mandatory approved life limit tracked by hours, cycles or other approved parameter.
LRU
Line Replaceable Unit
Component designed to be replaced at line/aircraft level within an approved maintenance concept.

M

MCC
Maintenance Control Center
Operational maintenance-control function coordinating technical issues, defects and maintenance support.
MCDU
Multipurpose Control and Display Unit
Flight-deck interface used to access multiple aircraft systems; maintenance functions may be available depending on type.
MEL
Minimum Equipment List
Operator-approved document defining conditions under which an aircraft may be dispatched with specified items inoperative.
MMEL
Master Minimum Equipment List
Master document forming the basis for an operator-specific MEL.
MPD
Maintenance Planning Document
Planning source containing scheduled maintenance requirements and intervals for an aircraft program.
MRB
Maintenance Review Board
Industry/regulatory process supporting development of scheduled maintenance requirements for transport aircraft.
MRBR
Maintenance Review Board Report
Report containing initial scheduled maintenance requirements developed through the MRB process.
MRO
Maintenance, Repair and Overhaul
Industry term for organizations and activities providing aircraft, engine and component maintenance services.
MSG-3
Maintenance Steering Group-3
Industry methodology used to develop scheduled maintenance tasks for transport aircraft.

N

NDT
Non-Destructive Testing
Inspection methods used to detect defects without damaging the inspected part.
NFF
No Fault Found
Outcome where a reported fault cannot be reproduced or confirmed during testing/inspection.

O

OEM
Original Equipment Manufacturer
Original manufacturer of an aircraft, engine, system or component.
OJT
On-the-Job Training
Structured practical training/experience performed in the work environment under applicable requirements.

P

PMA
Parts Manufacturer Approval
FAA approval for manufacture of replacement/modification articles under applicable U.S. rules.
P/N
Part Number
Manufacturer/approved identifier for a specific part or configuration.

R

RII
Required Inspection Item
Maintenance item requiring independent/specified inspection under applicable procedures.
RTO
Rejected Takeoff
Takeoff discontinued before becoming airborne; maintenance inspection requirements may apply depending on event and aircraft data.
RTS
Return to Service
Process/status of returning aircraft or component to service following required maintenance and release.

S

SB
Service Bulletin
Manufacturer technical publication recommending or defining inspections, modifications or other technical actions.
SDR
Service Difficulty Report
Report used in certain regulatory systems to communicate service difficulties, failures or defects.
S/N
Serial Number
Unique identifier assigned to an individual aircraft, engine, component or part.
SRM
Structural Repair Manual
Structural damage limits, allowable damage criteria and approved repair information for applicable aircraft structure.

T

TASK
Maintenance Task
Defined maintenance action referenced in approved maintenance data.
TAT
Turnaround Time
Elapsed time required to complete a maintenance/repair/service process.
TBO
Time Between Overhaul
Specified or recommended operating interval between overhauls for applicable equipment.
TSM
Troubleshooting Manual
Systematic troubleshooting procedures used to isolate and rectify reported faults.
TSN
Time Since New
Operating time accumulated since the item was new.
TSO
Time Since Overhaul
Operating time accumulated since the last overhaul.

W

WDM
Wiring Diagram Manual
Aircraft electrical wiring diagrams and interconnection information used for electrical troubleshooting and maintenance.
WIP
Work in Progress
Maintenance activity that has been started but is not yet complete/released.
WO
Work Order
Controlled instruction/record authorizing and tracking maintenance work.

Z

ZFW
Zero Fuel Weight
Aircraft weight excluding usable fuel; maintenance teams may encounter it in weighing/configuration records.

Official sources

FAQ

Frequently asked questions

Why are abbreviation expansions kept in English?+
Standard maintenance document names and abbreviations are internationally used in English; the explanation changes with the selected site language.
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